Allowing previous members to join again

I’ve got a couple of questions:

We are looking to setup the site so that there is a one-time joining fee, and a membership renewal fee.

1) In the event, a member decides to leave, and returns after a year, is it possible for them to not have to pay the joining fee again? Can this be automated?

2)In the first year, we want to encourage people by not having a membership renewal fee. Anyone who joins this year will get a lifetime membership after paying the joining fee.

At the end of the year, that will then change to a joining fee and membership subscription fee.

Is this possible to do? And how?

Many thanks